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2017 ; 12
(ä): 3509-3520
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Gold nanoparticles attenuate metastasis by tumor vasculature normalization and
epithelial-mesenchymal transition inhibition
#MMPMID28496326
Li W
; Li X
; Liu S
; Yang W
; Pan F
; Yang XY
; Du B
; Qin L
; Pan Y
Int J Nanomedicine
2017[]; 12
(ä): 3509-3520
PMID28496326
show ga
Angiogenesis is a process by which vessels are formed through preexisting ones,
and this plays a key role in the progression of solid tumors. However, tumor
vessels are influenced by excessive pro-angiogenic factors, resulting in deformed
structures that facilitate the intravasation of tumor cells into the circulation
and subsequent metastasis. Moreover, abnormal tumor vessels have low blood
perfusion and thereby decreased oxygen infusion into tumors. This results in a
hostile microenvironment that promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), a
process in which epithelial cells lose their polarity and gain increased
motility, which is associated with metastasis and invasion. Here, we demonstrate
that gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) facilitate tumor vasculature normalization,
increase blood perfusion and alleviate hypoxia in melanoma tumors. Additionally,
AuNPs were observed to reverse EMT in tumors, accompanied by the alleviation of
lung metastasis. These AuNPs inhibited the migration of B16F10 cells and reversed
EMT in B16F10 cells, indicating that AuNPs could directly regulate EMT
independent of improvements in hypoxia. Taken together, our data demonstrated
that AuNPs could induce tumor vasculature normalization and reverse EMT,
resulting in decreased melanoma tumor metastasis.