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2008 ; 22
(9
): 2085-98
Nephropedia Template TP
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English Wikipedia
Estrogen regulates Snail and Slug in the down-regulation of E-cadherin and
induces metastatic potential of ovarian cancer cells through estrogen receptor
alpha
#MMPMID18550773
Park SH
; Cheung LW
; Wong AS
; Leung PC
Mol Endocrinol
2008[Sep]; 22
(9
): 2085-98
PMID18550773
show ga
Tumorigenesis is a multistep process involving dysregulated cell growth and
metastasis. Considerable evidence implicates a mitogenic action of estrogen in
early ovarian carcinogenesis. In contrast, its influence in the metastatic
cascade of ovarian tumor cells remains obscure. In the present study, we showed
that 17beta-estradiol (E2) increased the metastatic potential of human epithelial
ovarian cancer cell lines. E2 treatment led to clear morphological changes
characteristic of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and an enhanced cell
migratory propensity. These morphological and functional alterations were
associated with changes in the abundance of EMT-related genes. Upon E2
stimulation, expression and promoter activity of the epithelial marker E-cadherin
were strikingly suppressed, whereas EMT-associated transcription factors, Snail
and Slug, were significantly up-regulated. This up-regulation was attributed to
the increase in gene transcription activated by E2. Depletion of endogenous Snail
or Slug using small interfering RNA (siRNA) attenuated E2-mediated decrease in
E-cadherin. In addition, E2-induced cell migration was also neutralized by the
siRNAs, suggesting that both transcription factors are indispensable for the
prometastatic actions of E2. More importantly, by using selective estrogen
receptor (ER) agonists, forced expression, and siRNA approaches, we identified
that E2 triggered the metastatic behaviors exclusively through an
ERalpha-dependent pathway. We also showed that ERbeta had an opposing action on
ERalpha because the presence of ERbeta completely inhibited the EMT and
down-regulation of E-cadherin induced by ERalpha. Collectively, this study
provides a compelling argument that estrogen can potentiate tumor progression by
EMT induction and highlights the crucial role of ERalpha in ovarian
tumorigenesis.