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2010 ; 24
(10
): 1988-97
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Endogenous activation of glucokinase by
6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase is glucose dependent
#MMPMID20702580
Langer S
; Kaminski MT
; Lenzen S
; Baltrusch S
Mol Endocrinol
2010[Oct]; 24
(10
): 1988-97
PMID20702580
show ga
Glucokinase (GK) plays a crucial role as glucose sensor in glucose-induced
insulin secretion in pancreatic ?-cells. The bifunctional enzyme
6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase (PFK-2/FBPase-2) acts as an
endogenous GK activator. Therefore, the goal of this study was the analysis of
GK-PFK-2/FBPase-2 complex formation and its effect on metabolic
stimulus-secretion coupling in ?-cells in dependence upon glucose. The
interaction between GK and PFK-2/FBPase-2 was analyzed in insulin-secreting MIN6
cells with a new fluorescence-based mammalian two-hybrid system. In contrast to
the commonly used mammalian two-hybrid systems that require sampling before
detection, the system used allows monitoring of the effects of environmental
changes on protein-protein interactions on the single-cell level. Increasing the
glucose concentration in the cell culture medium from 3 to 10 and 25 mmol/liter
amplified the interaction between the enzymes stepwise. Importantly, in line with
these results, overexpression of PFK-2/FBPase-2 in MIN6 cells evoked only at 10
and 25 mmol/liter, an increase in insulin secretion. Furthermore, a
PFK-2/FBPase-2 mutant with an abolished GK-binding motif neither showed a
glucose-dependent GK binding nor was able to increase insulin secretion. The
results obtained with the mammalian two-hybrid system could be confirmed by
fluorescence resonance energy transfer experiments in COS cells. Furthermore, the
established interaction between GK and the liver GRP served in all experiments as
a control. Thus, this study clearly showed that binding and activation of GK by
PFK-2/FBPase-2 in ?-cells is promoted by glucose, resulting in an enhancement of
insulin secretion at stimulatory glucose concentrations, without affecting basal
insulin secretion.