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2017 ; 45
(8
): 4619-4631
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Aicardi-Goutières syndrome protein TREX1 suppresses L1 and maintains genome
integrity through exonuclease-independent ORF1p depletion
#MMPMID28334850
Li P
; Du J
; Goodier JL
; Hou J
; Kang J
; Kazazian HH Jr
; Zhao K
; Yu XF
Nucleic Acids Res
2017[May]; 45
(8
): 4619-4631
PMID28334850
show ga
Maintaining genome integrity is important for cells and damaged DNA triggers
autoimmunity. Previous studies have reported that Three-prime repair exonuclease
1(TREX1), an endogenous DNA exonuclease, prevents immune activation by depleting
damaged DNA, thus preventing the development of certain autoimmune diseases.
Consistently, mutations in TREX1 are linked with autoimmune diseases such as
systemic lupus erythematosus, Aicardi-Goutières syndrome (AGS) and familial
chilblain lupus. However, TREX1 mutants competent for DNA exonuclease activity
are also linked to AGS. Here, we report a nuclease-independent involvement of
TREX1 in preventing the L1 retrotransposon-induced DNA damage response. TREX1
interacted with ORF1p and altered its intracellular localization. Furthermore,
TREX1 triggered ORF1p depletion and reduced the L1-mediated nicking of genomic
DNA. TREX1 mutants related to AGS were deficient in inducing ORF1p depletion and
could not prevent L1-mediated DNA damage. Therefore, our findings not only reveal
a new mechanism for TREX1-mediated L1 suppression and uncover a new function for
TREX1 in protein destabilization, but they also suggest a novel mechanism for
TREX1-mediated suppression of innate immune activation through maintaining genome
integrity.
|*Genome, Human
[MESH]
|*Retroelements
[MESH]
|Autoimmune Diseases of the Nervous System/genetics/immunology/pathology
[MESH]