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2014 ; 7
(1
): 74-81
Nephropedia Template TP
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Understanding the apothecaries within: the necessity of a systematic approach for
defining the chemical output of the human microbiome
#MMPMID24422665
Beebe K
; Sampey B
; Watkins SM
; Milburn M
; Eckhart AD
Clin Transl Sci
2014[Feb]; 7
(1
): 74-81
PMID24422665
show ga
The human microbiome harbors a massive diversity of microbes that effectively
form an "organ" that strongly influences metabolism and immune function and
hence, human health. Although the growing interest in the microbiome has chiefly
arisen due to its impact on human physiology, the probable rules of operation are
embedded in the roots of microbiology where chemical communication (i.e., with
metabolites) is a dominant feature of coexistence. Indeed, recent examples in
microbiome research offer the impression that the collective microbiome operates
as an "apothecary," creating chemical concoctions that influence health and alter
drug response. Although these principles are not unappreciated, the majority of
emphasis is on metagenomics and research efforts often omit systematic efforts to
interrogate the chemical component of the complex equation between microbial
community and host phenotype. One of the reasons for this omission may be due to
the inaccessibility to high-breadth, high-throughput, and scalable technologies.
Since these technologies are now available, we propose that a more systematic
effort to survey the host-microbiota chemical output be embedded into microbiome
research as there is strong likelihood, and growing precedence, that this
component may often be integral to developing our understanding of these ultimate
apothecaries and how they impact human health.