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2017 ; 214
(5
): 1249-1258
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Neutrophil myeloperoxidase diminishes the toxic effects and mortality induced by
lipopolysaccharide
#MMPMID28385925
Reber LL
; Gillis CM
; Starkl P
; Jönsson F
; Sibilano R
; Marichal T
; Gaudenzio N
; Bérard M
; Rogalla S
; Contag CH
; Bruhns P
; Galli SJ
J Exp Med
2017[May]; 214
(5
): 1249-1258
PMID28385925
show ga
Neutrophils have crucial antimicrobial functions but are also thought to
contribute to tissue injury upon exposure to bacterial products, such as
lipopolysaccharide (LPS). To study the role of neutrophils in LPS-induced
endotoxemia, we developed a new mouse model, PMN(DTR) mice, in which injection of
diphtheria toxin induces selective neutrophil ablation. Using this model, we
found, surprisingly, that neutrophils serve to protect the host from LPS-induced
lethal inflammation. This protective role was observed in conventional and
germ-free animal facilities, indicating that it does not depend on a particular
microbiological environment. Blockade or genetic deletion of myeloperoxidase
(MPO), a key neutrophil enzyme, significantly increased mortality after LPS
challenge, and adoptive transfer experiments confirmed that neutrophil-derived
MPO contributes importantly to protection from endotoxemia. Our findings imply
that, in addition to their well-established antimicrobial properties, neutrophils
can contribute to optimal host protection by limiting the extent of
endotoxin-induced inflammation in an MPO-dependent manner.