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2017 ; 4
(4
): 445-457.e8
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Slow Chromatin Dynamics Allow Polycomb Target Genes to Filter Fluctuations in
Transcription Factor Activity
#MMPMID28342717
Berry S
; Dean C
; Howard M
Cell Syst
2017[Apr]; 4
(4
): 445-457.e8
PMID28342717
show ga
Genes targeted by Polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) are regulated in cis by
chromatin modifications and also in trans by diffusible regulators such as
transcription factors. Here, we introduce a mathematical model in which
transcription directly antagonizes Polycomb silencing, thereby linking these cis-
and trans-regulatory inputs to gene expression. The model is parameterized by
recent experimental data showing that PRC2-mediated repressive chromatin
modifications accumulate extremely slowly. The model generates self-perpetuating,
bistable active and repressed chromatin states that persist through DNA
replication, thereby ensuring high-fidelity transmission of the current chromatin
state. However, sufficiently strong, persistent activation or repression of
transcription promotes switching between active and repressed chromatin states.
We observe that when chromatin modification dynamics are slow, transient pulses
of transcriptional activation or repression are effectively filtered, such that
epigenetic memory is retained. Noise filtering thus depends on slow chromatin
dynamics and may represent an important function of PRC2-based regulation.