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2017 ; 242
(9
): 974-985
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Levistilide A inhibits angiogenesis in liver fibrosis via vascular endothelial
growth factor signaling pathway
#MMPMID28440736
Zhao ZM
; Liu HL
; Sun X
; Guo T
; Shen L
; Tao YY
; Liu CH
Exp Biol Med (Maywood)
2017[May]; 242
(9
): 974-985
PMID28440736
show ga
Levistilide A (C(24)H(28)O(4), molecular weight?=?380.48) derived from Angelica
sinensis (Danggui) has been reported to inhibit hepatic stellate cell
proliferation. This study investigated the effects of levistilide A on liver
fibrosis relating to angiogenesis, particularly on the characteristic change in
liver sinusoidal endothelial cells. LX-2 cells were activated by TGF-?1, and the
human hepatic sinusoidal endothelial cells (HHSECs) were induced by endothelial
cell growth supplement. Cell viability was detected using a
methylthiazoldiphenyl-tetrazolium bromide assay; F-actin was visualized through
the fluorescence probe method; cell proliferation was examined using the EdU kit;
antiangiogenesis activity was assessed using the tube formation assay and
transgenic zebrafish model. To verify the results in vivo, rats were
subcutaneously injected with CCl(4) twice a week for six weeks to duplicate the
liver fibrosis model and then treated with 10?mL/kg of normal saline, 4?mg/kg of
sorafenib, and 3 and 6?mg/kg of levistilide A for three weeks from the fourth
week. Collagen deposition was detected through Sirius Red staining; liver
microvasculature was examined through vWF labeling and X-ray 2D imaging;
sinusoidal fenestrations were observed through scanning electron microscopy;
collagen I, ?-SMA, CD31, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and VEGF-R2
were detected through Western blotting. Our results indicated that levistilide A
attenuated LX-2 cell activation and HHSEC proliferation. The ability of HHSECs to
form tubelike structures in Matrigel was inhibited, and the number of functional
vessels in transgenic zebrafish decreased. In in vivo experiments, levistilide A
reduced collagen deposition and the number of new microvessels; ameliorated
sinusoid capillarization; and downregulated the expression of CD31, VEGF, and
VEGF-R2. These findings suggest that levistilide A can inhibit liver fibrosis
through antiangiogenesis by alleviating sinusoid capillarization via the VEGF
signaling pathway. Impact statement Levistilide A has been reported to inhibit
hepatic stellate cell (HSC) proliferation. In this study, we further investigated
the mechanisms of levistilide A on liver fibrosis relating to angiogenesis,
particularly on the characteristic change in liver sinusoidal endothelial cells.
The cell models of HSC and liver sinusoidal endothelial cell and CCl(4) induced
liver fibrosis model were used. These results suggest that levistilide A can
inhibit liver fibrosis through antiangiogenesis by alleviating sinusoid
capillarization via the vascular endothelial growth factor signaling pathway. The
effect of levistilide A on liver fibrosis was confirmed, and its detailed
mechanism was also discussed. These findings suggest that levistilide A may be a
great potential drug for treating liver fibrosis through antiangiogenesis, and
this effect will be verified in other fibrotic animal model studies or by
clinical trials.