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2017 ; 8
(ä): 484
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Eosinophils in Autoimmune Diseases
#MMPMID28496445
Diny NL
; Rose NR
; ?iháková D
Front Immunol
2017[]; 8
(ä): 484
PMID28496445
show ga
Eosinophils are multifunctional granulocytes that contribute to initiation and
modulation of inflammation. Their role in asthma and parasitic infections has
long been recognized. Growing evidence now reveals a role for eosinophils in
autoimmune diseases. In this review, we summarize the function of eosinophils in
inflammatory bowel diseases, neuromyelitis optica, bullous pemphigoid, autoimmune
myocarditis, primary biliary cirrhosis, eosinophilic granulomatosis with
polyangiitis, and other autoimmune diseases. Clinical studies,
eosinophil-targeted therapies, and experimental models have contributed to our
understanding of the regulation and function of eosinophils in these diseases. By
examining the role of eosinophils in autoimmune diseases of different organs, we
can identify common pathogenic mechanisms. These include degranulation of
cytotoxic granule proteins, induction of antibody-dependent cell-mediated
cytotoxicity, release of proteases degrading extracellular matrix, immune
modulation through cytokines, antigen presentation, and prothrombotic functions.
The association of eosinophilic diseases with autoimmune diseases is also
examined, showing a possible increase in autoimmune diseases in patients with
eosinophilic esophagitis, hypereosinophilic syndrome, and non-allergic asthma.
Finally, we summarize key future research needs.