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10.1016/j.tim.2017.03.003 http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.1016/j.tim.2017.03.003 C5405858!5405858!28377208     free     free     free Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 209.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 209.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 209.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 209.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 209.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534       Trends+Microbiol 2017 ; 25 (5): 336-48 Nephropedia Template TP {{tp|p=28377208|t=2017. Short-Sighted Virus Evolution and a Germline Hypothesis for Chronic Viral Infections |pdf=|usr=}}{{28377208}} gab.com Text Short-Sighted Virus Evolution and a Germline Hypothesis for Chronic Viral Infections JO: Trends Microbiol http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=28377208 #FOAvip With extremely short generation times and high mutability, many viruses can rapidly evolve and adapt to changing environments. This ability is generally beneficial to viruses as it allows them to evade host immune responses, evolve new behaviours, and exploit ecological niches. However, natural selection typically generates adaptation in response to the immediate selection pressures that a virus experiences in its current host. Consequently, we argue that some viruses, particularly those characterised by long durations of infection and ongoing replication, may be susceptible to short-sighted evolution, whereby a virus? adaptation to its current host will be detrimental to its onward transmission within the host population. Here we outline the concept of short-sighted viral evolution and provide examples of how it may negatively impact viral transmission among hosts. We also propose that viruses that are vulnerable to short-sighted evolution may exhibit strategies that minimise its effects. We speculate on the various mechanisms by which this may be achieved, including viral life history strategies that result in low rates of within-host evolution, or the establishment of a ?germline? lineage of viruses that avoids short-sighted evolution. These concepts provide a new perspective on the way in which some viruses have been able to establish and maintain global pandemics. Twit Text FOAVip Short-Sighted Virus Evolution and a Germline Hypothesis for Chronic Viral Infections ????Trends Microbiol http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=28377208 #FOAvip Twit Text # Free Paper on # # # # # LINK http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=28377208 #FOAvip English Wikipedia <ref>{{Cite pmid|28377208}}</ref> Short-Sighted Virus Evolution and a Germline Hypothesis for Chronic Viral Infections #MMPMID28377208 Lythgoe KA; Gardner A; Pybus OG; Grove J Trends Microbiol 2017[May]; 25 (5): 336-48 PMID28377208show ga With extremely short generation times and high mutability, many viruses can rapidly evolve and adapt to changing environments. This ability is generally beneficial to viruses as it allows them to evade host immune responses, evolve new behaviours, and exploit ecological niches. However, natural selection typically generates adaptation in response to the immediate selection pressures that a virus experiences in its current host. Consequently, we argue that some viruses, particularly those characterised by long durations of infection and ongoing replication, may be susceptible to short-sighted evolution, whereby a virus? adaptation to its current host will be detrimental to its onward transmission within the host population. Here we outline the concept of short-sighted viral evolution and provide examples of how it may negatively impact viral transmission among hosts. We also propose that viruses that are vulnerable to short-sighted evolution may exhibit strategies that minimise its effects. We speculate on the various mechanisms by which this may be achieved, including viral life history strategies that result in low rates of within-host evolution, or the establishment of a ?germline? lineage of viruses that avoids short-sighted evolution. These concepts provide a new perspective on the way in which some viruses have been able to establish and maintain global pandemics. äShort-Sighted Virus Evolution and a Germline Hypothesis for Chronic Vi(epmc).pdf DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing