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2017 ; 12
(2
): 213-218
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Bacterial Meningitis in Patients using Immunosuppressive Medication: a
Population-based Prospective Nationwide Study
#MMPMID27613024
van Veen KEB
; Brouwer MC
; van der Ende A
; van de Beek D
J Neuroimmune Pharmacol
2017[Jun]; 12
(2
): 213-218
PMID27613024
show ga
We studied occurrence, presentation, disease course, effect of adjunctive
dexamethasone, and prognosis of bacterial meningitis in patients using
immunosuppressive medication. Patients were selected from our nationwide,
prospective cohort on community-acquired bacterial meningitis performed from
March 1, 2006 through October 31, 2014. Eighty-seven of 1447 episodes (6 %) of
bacterial meningitis occurred in patients using immunosuppressive medication, and
consisted of corticosteroids in 82 %. Patients with bacterial meningitis using
immunosuppressive medication were less likely to present with headache (P = 0.02)
or neck stiffness (P = 0.005), as compared those not on immunosuppressive
medication. In 46 % of episodes CSF leukocyte count was below 1000/mm(3). CSF
cultures revealed S. pneumoniae in 41 % and L. monocytogenes in 40 % of episodes.
Outcome was unfavorable in 39 of 87 episodes (45 %) and death occurred in 22 of
87 episodes (25 %). Adjunctive dexamethasone was administered in 52 of 87 (60 %)
episodes, and mortality tended to be lower in those on adjunctive dexamethasone
therapy as compared to those without dexamethasone therapy (10 of 52 [19 %] vs 12
of 35 [34 %], P = 0.14). We conclude that bacterial meningitis in patients using
immunosuppressive medication is likely to present with atypical clinical and
laboratory features, and is often caused by atypical bacteria, mainly L.
monocytogenes. Adjunctive dexamethasone is widely prescribed in these patients
and was not associated with harm in this study.
|*Population Surveillance/methods
[MESH]
|Adolescent
[MESH]
|Adult
[MESH]
|Aged
[MESH]
|Aged, 80 and over
[MESH]
|Cohort Studies
[MESH]
|Female
[MESH]
|Humans
[MESH]
|Immunosuppressive Agents/pharmacology/*therapeutic use
[MESH]