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2017 ; 12
(4
): e0176210
Nephropedia Template TP
gab.com Text
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English Wikipedia
Systematic review finds that study data not published in full text articles have
unclear impact on meta-analyses results in medical research
#MMPMID28441452
Schmucker CM
; Blümle A
; Schell LK
; Schwarzer G
; Oeller P
; Cabrera L
; von Elm E
; Briel M
; Meerpohl JJ
PLoS One
2017[]; 12
(4
): e0176210
PMID28441452
show ga
BACKGROUND: A meta-analysis as part of a systematic review aims to provide a
thorough, comprehensive and unbiased statistical summary of data from the
literature. However, relevant study results could be missing from a meta-analysis
because of selective publication and inadequate dissemination. If missing outcome
data differ systematically from published ones, a meta-analysis will be biased
with an inaccurate assessment of the intervention effect. As part of the
EU-funded OPEN project (www.open-project.eu) we conducted a systematic review
that assessed whether the inclusion of data that were not published at all and/or
published only in the grey literature influences pooled effect estimates in
meta-analyses and leads to different interpretation. METHODS AND FINDINGS:
Systematic review of published literature (methodological research projects).
Four bibliographic databases were searched up to February 2016 without
restriction of publication year or language. Methodological research projects
were considered eligible for inclusion if they reviewed a cohort of meta-analyses
which (i) compared pooled effect estimates of meta-analyses of health care
interventions according to publication status of data or (ii) examined whether
the inclusion of unpublished or grey literature data impacts the result of a
meta-analysis. Seven methodological research projects including 187 meta-analyses
comparing pooled treatment effect estimates according to different publication
status were identified. Two research projects showed that published data showed
larger pooled treatment effects in favour of the intervention than unpublished or
grey literature data (Ratio of ORs 1.15, 95% CI 1.04-1.28 and 1.34, 95% CI
1.09-1.66). In the remaining research projects pooled effect estimates and/or
overall findings were not significantly changed by the inclusion of unpublished
and/or grey literature data. The precision of the pooled estimate was increased
with narrower 95% confidence interval. CONCLUSIONS: Although we may anticipate
that systematic reviews and meta-analyses not including unpublished or grey
literature study results are likely to overestimate the treatment effects,
current empirical research shows that this is only the case in a minority of
reviews. Therefore, currently, a meta-analyst should particularly consider time,
effort and costs when adding such data to their analysis. Future research is
needed to identify which reviews may benefit most from including unpublished or
grey data.