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2017 ; 121
(15
): 3352-3363
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The Activation of c-Src Tyrosine Kinase: Conformational Transition Pathway and
Free Energy Landscape
#MMPMID27715044
Fajer M
; Meng Y
; Roux B
J Phys Chem B
2017[Apr]; 121
(15
): 3352-3363
PMID27715044
show ga
Tyrosine kinases are important cellular signaling allosteric enzymes that
regulate cell growth, proliferation, metabolism, differentiation, and migration.
Their activity must be tightly controlled, and malfunction can lead to a variety
of diseases, particularly cancer. The nonreceptor tyrosine kinase c-Src, a
prototypical model system and a representative member of the Src-family,
functions as complex multidomain allosteric molecular switches comprising SH2 and
SH3 domains modulating the activity of the catalytic domain. The broad picture of
self-inhibition of c-Src via the SH2 and SH3 regulatory domains is well
characterized from a structural point of view, but a detailed molecular mechanism
understanding is nonetheless still lacking. Here, we use advanced computational
methods based on all-atom molecular dynamics simulations with explicit solvent to
advance our understanding of kinase activation. To elucidate the mechanism of
regulation and self-inhibition, we have computed the pathway and the free energy
landscapes for the "inactive-to-active" conformational transition of c-Src for
different configurations of the SH2 and SH3 domains. Using the isolated c-Src
catalytic domain as a baseline for comparison, it is observed that the SH2 and
SH3 domains, depending upon their bound orientation, promote either the inactive
or active state of the catalytic domain. The regulatory structural information
from the SH2-SH3 tandem is allosterically transmitted via the N-terminal linker
of the catalytic domain. Analysis of the conformational transition pathways also
illustrates the importance of the conserved tryptophan 260 in activating c-Src,
and reveals a series of concerted events during the activation process.