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2017 ; 10
(2
): e1296610
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Neutrophil extracellular trap release driven by bacterial motility: Relevance to
cystic fibrosis lung disease
#MMPMID28451056
Rada B
Commun Integr Biol
2017[]; 10
(2
): e1296610
PMID28451056
show ga
Neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation represents a unique effector
function of neutrophils (PMN). The mechanism of NET release in response to
bacteria is largely unknown. We studied the process by which Pseudomonas
aeruginosa, an opportunistic pathogen, interacts with primary PMNs, and found
that flagellar swimming motility of the bacterium is essential for inducing NET
extrusion. Cystic fibrosis (CF) lung disease is associated with P. aeruginosa
infection and PMN-dominated inflammation. Although NETs are abundant in CF
airways, the main factors triggering NET release in CF remain unclear. Our study
implicates that motile P. aeruginosa is a strong NET-inducer in CF. In early
stages of CF lung disease flagellated, motile isolates of P. aeruginosa are
characteristic and their interactions with PMNs could lead to NET formation. In
chronic CF, P. aeruginosa down-regulates its flagellum expression to avoid
recognition by the immune system and forms biofilms. Flagellated bacteria,
however, are released from biofilms and could interact with PMNs to form NETs.
Although flagellated forms likely represent only a small fraction of the total P.
aeruginosa load in chronic CF, NET release induced by them could have a
significant impact on inflammation and lung function since flagellated forms
trigger the most robust response of the immune system including PMNs. Overall, we
speculate that NET formation driven by motile P. aeruginosa could be a novel,
significant contributor to pathogenesis at both, early and late stages of CF lung
disease.