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2015 ; 72
(20
): 3883-96
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gab.com Text
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English Wikipedia
Mesenchymal-epithelial interactions during digestive tract development and
epithelial stem cell regeneration
#MMPMID26126787
Le Guen L
; Marchal S
; Faure S
; de Santa Barbara P
Cell Mol Life Sci
2015[Oct]; 72
(20
): 3883-96
PMID26126787
show ga
The gastrointestinal tract develops from a simple and uniform tube into a complex
organ with specific differentiation patterns along the anterior-posterior and
dorso-ventral axes of asymmetry. It is derived from all three germ layers and
their cross-talk is important for the regulated development of fetal and adult
gastrointestinal structures and organs. Signals from the adjacent mesoderm are
essential for the morphogenesis of the overlying epithelium. These
mesenchymal-epithelial interactions govern the development and regionalization of
the different gastrointestinal epithelia and involve most of the key morphogens
and signaling pathways, such as the Hedgehog, BMPs, Notch, WNT, HOX, SOX and FOXF
cascades. Moreover, the mechanisms underlying mesenchyme differentiation into
smooth muscle cells influence the regionalization of the gastrointestinal
epithelium through interactions with the enteric nervous system. In the neonatal
and adult gastrointestinal tract, mesenchymal-epithelial interactions are
essential for the maintenance of the epithelial regionalization and digestive
epithelial homeostasis. Disruption of these interactions is also associated with
bowel dysfunction potentially leading to epithelial tumor development. In this
review, we will discuss various aspects of the mesenchymal-epithelial
interactions observed during digestive epithelium development and differentiation
and also during epithelial stem cell regeneration.