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2017 ; 12
(4
): e0175387
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A longitudinal and experimental study of the impact of knowledge on the bases of
institutional trust
#MMPMID28414808
PytlikZillig LM
; Kimbrough CD
; Shockley E
; Neal TMS
; Herian MN
; Hamm JA
; Bornstein BH
; Tomkins AJ
PLoS One
2017[]; 12
(4
): e0175387
PMID28414808
show ga
This study examined a knowledge-centered theory of institutional trust
development. In the context of trust in water regulatory institutions, the
moderating impact of knowledge was tested to determine if there were longitudinal
changes in the bases of institutional trust as a function of increases in
knowledge about a target institution. We hypothesized that as people learn about
an institution with which they were previously unfamiliar, they begin to form
more nuanced perceptions, distinguishing the new institution from other
institutions and relying less upon their generalized trust to estimate their
trust in that institution. Prior to having specific, differential information
about a new institution, we expected institutional trust to be a function of
generalized trust variables such as dispositional trust and trust in government.
The longitudinal experiment involved 185 college students randomly assigned to
one of three information conditions. Every 3 months for 15 months, participants
read information about water regulatory institutions or a control institution. At
each time point, participants reported their trust in and perceptions of the
trust- and distrust-worthiness of the water regulatory institutions. Participants
also completed measures of knowledge of water regulatory institutions,
dispositional trust, and governmental trust. Our manipulation check indicated
that, as expected, those in the experimental group increased in subjective
knowledge of water regulatory institutions to a greater extent than those in the
control condition. Consistent with our hypotheses, there was some evidence that,
compared to the control group, the experimental group relied less on their
general trust in government as a basis for their trust in water regulatory
institutions. However, contrary to our hypotheses, there was no evidence the
experimental group relied less on dispositional trust as a basis for
institutional trust. There also was some evidence the experimental group's trust
in water regulatory institutions was less affected by fluctuations of
trustworthiness (but not distrustworthiness) perceptions over time. This suggests
that knowledge results in the development of more stable institutional trust
attitudes, but that trustworthiness and distrustworthiness perceptions may
operate somewhat differently when impacting trust in specific institutions.