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2017 ; 31
(6
): 590-602
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Dual functionality of cis-regulatory elements as developmental enhancers and
Polycomb response elements
#MMPMID28381411
Erceg J
; Pakozdi T
; Marco-Ferreres R
; Ghavi-Helm Y
; Girardot C
; Bracken AP
; Furlong EE
Genes Dev
2017[Mar]; 31
(6
): 590-602
PMID28381411
show ga
Developmental gene expression is tightly regulated through enhancer elements,
which initiate dynamic spatio-temporal expression, and Polycomb response elements
(PREs), which maintain stable gene silencing. These two cis-regulatory functions
are thought to operate through distinct dedicated elements. By examining the
occupancy of the Drosophila pleiohomeotic repressive complex (PhoRC) during
embryogenesis, we revealed extensive co-occupancy at developmental enhancers.
Using an established in vivo assay for PRE activity, we demonstrated that a
subset of characterized developmental enhancers can function as PREs, silencing
transcription in a Polycomb-dependent manner. Conversely, some classic Drosophila
PREs can function as developmental enhancers in vivo, activating spatio-temporal
expression. This study therefore uncovers elements with dual function: activating
transcription in some cells (enhancers) while stably maintaining transcriptional
silencing in others (PREs). Given that enhancers initiate spatio-temporal gene
expression, reuse of the same elements by the Polycomb group (PcG) system may
help fine-tune gene expression and ensure the timely maintenance of cell
identities.