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2017 ; 26
(2
): 197-206
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Suppressing Unwanted Memories Reduces Their Unintended Influences
#MMPMID28458471
Hu X
; Bergström ZM
; Gagnepain P
; Anderson MC
Curr Dir Psychol Sci
2017[Apr]; 26
(2
): 197-206
PMID28458471
show ga
The ability to control unwanted memories is critical for maintaining cognitive
function and mental health. Prior research has shown that suppressing the
retrieval of unwanted memories impairs their retention, as measured using
intentional (direct) memory tests. Here, we review emerging evidence revealing
that retrieval suppression can also reduce the unintended influence of suppressed
traces. In particular, retrieval suppression (a) gradually diminishes the
tendency for memories to intrude into awareness and (b) reduces memories'
unintended expressions on indirect memory tests. We present a neural account in
which, during suppression, retrieval cues elicit hippocampally triggered
neocortical activity that briefly reinstates features of the original event,
which, in turn, are suppressed by targeted neocortical and hippocampal
inhibition. This reactivation-dependent reinstatement principle could provide a
broad mechanism by which suppressing retrieval of intrusive memories limits their
indirect influences.