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2016 ; 22
(2 Dementia
): 404-18
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Mild Cognitive Impairment
#MMPMID27042901
Petersen RC
Continuum (Minneap Minn)
2016[Apr]; 22
(2 Dementia
): 404-18
PMID27042901
show ga
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: As individuals age, the quality of cognitive function becomes
an increasingly important topic. The concept of mild cognitive impairment (MCI)
has evolved over the past 2 decades to represent a state of cognitive function
between that seen in normal aging and dementia. As such, it is important for
health care providers to be aware of the condition and place it in the
appropriate clinical context. RECENT FINDINGS: Numerous international
population-based studies have been conducted to document the frequency of MCI,
estimating its prevalence to be between 15% and 20% in persons 60 years and
older, making it a common condition encountered by clinicians. The annual rate in
which MCI progresses to dementia varies between 8% and 15% per year, implying
that it is an important condition to identify and treat. In those MCI cases
destined to develop Alzheimer disease, biomarkers are emerging to help identify
etiology and predict progression. However, not all MCI is due to Alzheimer
disease, and identifying subtypes is important for possible treatment and
counseling. If treatable causes are identified, the person with MCI might
improve. SUMMARY: MCI is an important clinical entity to identify, and while
uncertainties persist, clinicians need to be aware of its diagnostic features to
enable them to counsel patients. MCI remains an active area of research as
numerous randomized controlled trials are being conducted to develop effective
treatments.