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2017 ; 8
(3
): e2644
Nephropedia Template TP
gab.com Text
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English Wikipedia
Porphyromonas gingivalis gingipains cause defective macrophage migration towards
apoptotic cells and inhibit phagocytosis of primary apoptotic neutrophils
#MMPMID28252646
Castro SA
; Collighan R
; Lambert PA
; Dias IH
; Chauhan P
; Bland CE
; Milic I
; Milward MR
; Cooper PR
; Devitt A
Cell Death Dis
2017[Mar]; 8
(3
): e2644
PMID28252646
show ga
Periodontal disease is a prevalent chronic inflammatory condition characterised
by an aberrant host response to a pathogenic plaque biofilm resulting in local
tissue damage and frustrated healing that can result in tooth loss. Cysteine
proteases (gingipains) from the key periodontal pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis
have been implicated in periodontal disease pathogenesis by inhibiting
inflammation resolution and are linked with systemic chronic inflammatory
conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis. Efficient clearance of apoptotic cells
is essential for the resolution of inflammation and tissue restoration. Here we
sought to characterise the innate immune clearance of apoptotic cells and its
modulation by gingipains. We examined the capacity of gingipain-treated
macrophages to migrate towards and phagocytose apoptotic cells. Lysine gingipain
treatment of macrophages impaired macrophage migration towards apoptotic
neutrophils. Furthermore, lysine gingipain treatment reduced surface expression
levels of CD14, a key macrophage receptor for apoptotic cells, which resulted in
reduced macrophage interactions with apoptotic cells. Additionally, while
apoptotic cells and their derived secretome were shown to inhibit TNF-?-induced
expression by P. gingivalis lipopolysaccharide, we demonstrated that gingipain
preparations induced a rapid inflammatory response in macrophages that was
resistant to the anti-inflammatory effects of apoptotic cells or their secretome.
Taken together, these data indicate that P. gingivalis may promote the chronic
inflammation seen in periodontal disease patients by multiple mechanisms,
including rapid, potent gingipain-mediated inflammation, coupled with receptor
cleavage leading to defective clearance of apoptotic cells and reduced
anti-inflammatory responses. Thus, gingipains represent a potential therapeutic
target for intervention in the management of chronic periodontal disease.