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.jpg): Failed to open stream: No such file or directory in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 117 Acta+Neurobiol+Exp+(Wars)
2017 ; 77
(1
): 18-30
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Energy-dense diet triggers changes in gut microbiota, reorganization of gut?brain
vagal communication and increases body fat accumulation
#MMPMID28379213
Vaughn AC
; Cooper EM
; DiLorenzo PM
; O'Loughlin LJ
; Konkel ME
; Peters JH
; Hajnal A
; Sen T
; Lee SH
; de La Serre CB
; Czaja K
Acta Neurobiol Exp (Wars)
2017[]; 77
(1
): 18-30
PMID28379213
show ga
Obesity is associated with consumption of energy-dense diets and development of
systemic inflammation. Gut microbiota play a role in energy harvest and
inflammation and can influence the change from lean to obese phenotypes. The
nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS) is a brain target for gastrointestinal
signals modulating satiety and alterations in gut-brain vagal pathway may promote
overeating and obesity. Therefore, we tested the hypothesis that high-fat
diet?induced changes in gut microbiota alter vagal gut-brain communication
associated with increased body fat accumulation. Sprague-Dawley rats consumed a
low energy?dense rodent diet (LFD; 3.1 kcal/g) or high energy?dense diet (HFD,
5.24 kcal/g). Minocycline was used to manipulate gut microbiota composition. 16S
Sequencing was used to determine microbiota composition. Immunofluorescence
against IB4 and Iba1 was used to determine NTS reorganization and microglia
activation. Nodose ganglia from LFD rats were isolated and co-cultured with
different bacteria strains to determine neurotoxicity. HFD altered gut microbiota
with increases in Firmicutes/Bacteriodetes ratio and in pro-inflammatory
Proteobacteria proliferation. HFD triggered reorganization of vagal afferents and
microglia activation in the NTS, associated with weight gain. Minocycline-treated
HFD rats exhibited microbiota profile comparable to LFD animals. Minocycline
suppressed HFD?induced reorganization of vagal afferents and microglia activation
in the NTS, and reduced body fat accumulation. Proteobacteria isolated from cecum
of HFD rats were toxic to vagal afferent neurons in culture. Our findings show
that diet?induced shift in gut microbiome may disrupt vagal gut?brain
communication resulting in microglia activation and increased body fat
accumulation.