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2017 ; 8
(ä): 597
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Linking Diet to Colorectal Cancer: The Emerging Role of MicroRNA in the
Communication between Plant and Animal Kingdoms
#MMPMID28424679
Del Cornò M
; Donninelli G
; Conti L
; Gessani S
Front Microbiol
2017[]; 8
(ä): 597
PMID28424679
show ga
Environmental and lifestyle factors, including diet and nutritional habits have
been strongly linked to colorectal cancer (CRC). Of note, unhealthy dietary
habits leading to adiposity represent a main risk factor for CRC and are
associated with a chronic low-grade inflammatory status. Inflammation is a
hallmark of almost every type of cancer and can be modulated by several food
compounds exhibiting either protective or promoting effects. However, in spite of
an extensive research, the underlying mechanisms by which dietary patterns or
bioactive food components may influence tumor onset and outcome have not been
fully clarified yet. Growing evidence indicates that diet, combining beneficial
substances and potentially harmful ingredients, has an impact on the expression
of key regulators of gene expression such as the non-coding RNA (ncRNA). Since
the expression of these molecules is deranged in chronic inflammation and cancer,
modulating their expression may strongly influence the cancer phenotype and
outcomes. In addition, the recently acquired knowledge on the existence of
intricate inter-kingdom communication networks, is opening new avenues for a
deeper understanding of the intimate relationships linking diet to CRC. In this
novel scenario, diet-modulated ncRNA may represent key actors in the interaction
between plant and animal kingdoms, capable of influencing disease onset and
outcome. In this review, we will summarize the studies demonstrating a link
between bioactive food components, including food-derived, microbiota-processed,
secondary metabolites, and host ncRNA. We will focus on microRNA, highlighting
how this plant/animal inter-kingdom cross-talk may have an impact on CRC
establishment and progression.
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