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2017 ; 66
(5
): 369-378
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NETosis provides the link between activation of neutrophils on hemodialysis
membrane and comorbidities in dialyzed patients
#MMPMID27885378
Korabecna M
; Tesar V
Inflamm Res
2017[May]; 66
(5
): 369-378
PMID27885378
show ga
INTRODUCTION: Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are formed by activated
neutrophils during the process of NETosis in which the nuclear material is
released into extracellular space, including DNA molecules, citrullinated
histones, and neutrophil granule enzymes, such as elastase. This material forms
networks that are able not only to physically entrap bacteria but also to provide
elevated concentration of bactericidal components. Over the last years, it has
become clear that NETs can also be formed under numerous sterile inflammatory
conditions, i.e., thrombosis, cancer, SLE, atherosclerosis, and diabetes. METHOD:
We reviewed studies published until July 2016 to find possible associations
between elevated cell-free DNA levels in dialyzed patients and the process of
NETosis and its consequences. RESULTS: The process of NETosis, its elevated
activation, or impaired clearance provides the link between clinical conditions
and elevated levels of cell-free DNA found in plasma after the hemodialytic
procedure which itself is able to activate neutrophils via platelets and ROS
formation. NETs stimulate thrombosis and endothelial damage, and their formation
may contribute to the development of spectrum of comorbidities described in
dialyzed patients. CONCLUSION: The study of plasma cell-free DNA levels together
with markers of NETosis could contribute to the evaluation of the influence of
hemodialysis on the immune system of patients.