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10.1128/JVI.02442-16 http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.1128/JVI.02442-16 C5375687!5375687 !28148794     free     free     free Warning: file_get_contents(https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&id=28148794 &cmd=llinks): Failed to open stream: HTTP request failed! 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HIV-1 Vpu Downmodulates ICAM-1 Expression, Resulting in Decreased Killing of Infected CD4(+) T Cells by NK Cells |pdf=|usr=}}{{28148794 }} gab.com Text HIV-1 Vpu Downmodulates ICAM-1 Expression, Resulting in Decreased Killing of Infected CD4(+) T Cells by NK Cells JO: J Virol http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=28148794 #FOAvip HIV-1 Vpu is known to alter the expression of numerous cell surface molecules. Given the ever-increasing list of Vpu targets identified to date, we undertook a proteomic screen to discover novel cell membrane proteins modulated by this viral protein. Plasma membrane proteome isolates from Vpu-inducible T cells were subjected to stable isotope labeling of amino acids in cell culture (SILAC)-based mass spectrometry analysis, and putative targets were validated by infection of primary CD4(+) T cells. We report here that while intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) and ICAM-3 are upregulated by HIV-1 infection, expression of Vpu offsets this increase by downregulating these molecules from the cell surface. Specifically, we show that Vpu is sufficient to downregulate and deplete ICAM-1 in a manner requiring the Vpu transmembrane domain and a dual-serine (S52/S56) motif necessary for recruitment of the beta-transducin repeat-containing E3 ubiquitin protein ligase (?-TrCP) component of the Skp, Cullin, F-box (SCF(?-TrCP)) E3 ubiquitin ligase. Vpu interacts with ICAM-1 to induce its proteasomal degradation. Interestingly, the E3 ubiquitin ligase component ?-TrCP-1 is dispensable for ICAM-1 surface downregulation yet is necessary for ICAM-1 degradation. Functionally, Vpu-mediated ICAM-1 downregulation lowers packaging of this adhesion molecule into virions, resulting in decreased infectivity. Importantly, while Vpu-mediated downregulation of ICAM-3 has a limited effect on the conjugation of NK cells to HIV-1-infected CD4(+) T cells, downregulation of ICAM-1 by Vpu results in a reduced ability of NK cells to bind and kill infected T cells. Vpu-mediated ICAM-1 downregulation may therefore represent an evolutionary compromise in viral fitness by impeding the formation of cell-to-cell contacts between immune cells and infected T cells at the cost of decreased virion infectivity.IMPORTANCE The major barrier to eradicating HIV-1 infection is the establishment of treatment-resistant reservoirs early in infection. Vpu-mediated ICAM-1 downregulation may contribute to the evasion of cell-mediated immunity during acute infection to promote viral dissemination and the development of viral reservoirs. By aiding the immune system to clear infection prior to the development of reservoirs, novel treatments designed to disrupt Vpu-mediated ICAM-1 downregulation may be beneficial during acute infection or as a prophylactic treatment. Twit Text FOAVip HIV-1 Vpu Downmodulates ICAM-1 Expression, Resulting in Decreased Killing of Infected CD4(+) T Cells by NK Cells ????J Virol http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=28148794 #FOAvip Twit Text # Free Paper on # # # # # LINK http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=28148794 #FOAvip English Wikipedia <ref>{{Cite pmid|28148794 }}</ref> HIV-1 Vpu Downmodulates ICAM-1 Expression, Resulting in Decreased Killing of Infected CD4(+) T Cells by NK Cells #MMPMID28148794 Sugden SM ; Pham TNQ ; Cohen ÉA J Virol 2017[Apr]; 91 (8 ): ä PMID28148794 show ga HIV-1 Vpu is known to alter the expression of numerous cell surface molecules. Given the ever-increasing list of Vpu targets identified to date, we undertook a proteomic screen to discover novel cell membrane proteins modulated by this viral protein. Plasma membrane proteome isolates from Vpu-inducible T cells were subjected to stable isotope labeling of amino acids in cell culture (SILAC)-based mass spectrometry analysis, and putative targets were validated by infection of primary CD4(+) T cells. We report here that while intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) and ICAM-3 are upregulated by HIV-1 infection, expression of Vpu offsets this increase by downregulating these molecules from the cell surface. Specifically, we show that Vpu is sufficient to downregulate and deplete ICAM-1 in a manner requiring the Vpu transmembrane domain and a dual-serine (S52/S56) motif necessary for recruitment of the beta-transducin repeat-containing E3 ubiquitin protein ligase (?-TrCP) component of the Skp, Cullin, F-box (SCF(?-TrCP)) E3 ubiquitin ligase. Vpu interacts with ICAM-1 to induce its proteasomal degradation. Interestingly, the E3 ubiquitin ligase component ?-TrCP-1 is dispensable for ICAM-1 surface downregulation yet is necessary for ICAM-1 degradation. Functionally, Vpu-mediated ICAM-1 downregulation lowers packaging of this adhesion molecule into virions, resulting in decreased infectivity. Importantly, while Vpu-mediated downregulation of ICAM-3 has a limited effect on the conjugation of NK cells to HIV-1-infected CD4(+) T cells, downregulation of ICAM-1 by Vpu results in a reduced ability of NK cells to bind and kill infected T cells. Vpu-mediated ICAM-1 downregulation may therefore represent an evolutionary compromise in viral fitness by impeding the formation of cell-to-cell contacts between immune cells and infected T cells at the cost of decreased virion infectivity.IMPORTANCE The major barrier to eradicating HIV-1 infection is the establishment of treatment-resistant reservoirs early in infection. Vpu-mediated ICAM-1 downregulation may contribute to the evasion of cell-mediated immunity during acute infection to promote viral dissemination and the development of viral reservoirs. By aiding the immune system to clear infection prior to the development of reservoirs, novel treatments designed to disrupt Vpu-mediated ICAM-1 downregulation may be beneficial during acute infection or as a prophylactic treatment. |*Down-Regulation [MESH] |*Host-Pathogen Interactions [MESH] |CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/*immunology [MESH] |Cell Line [MESH] |HIV-1/*immunology [MESH] |Human Immunodeficiency Virus Proteins/*metabolism [MESH] |Humans [MESH] |Immune Evasion [MESH] |Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1/*metabolism [MESH] |Killer Cells, Natural/*immunology [MESH] |Protein Interaction Mapping [MESH] |Proteolysis [MESH]HIV-1 Vpu Downmodulates ICAM-1 Expression, Resulting in Decreased Kill(epmc).pdf DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing