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2017 ; 127
(4
): 1405-1413
Nephropedia Template TP
Kalaitzidis D
; Lee D
; Efeyan A
; Kfoury Y
; Nayyar N
; Sykes DB
; Mercier FE
; Papazian A
; Baryawno N
; Victora GD
; Neuberg D
; Sabatini DM
; Scadden DT
J Clin Invest
2017[Apr]; 127
(4
): 1405-1413
PMID28319048
show ga
The mTOR pathway is a critical determinant of cell persistence and growth wherein
mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) mediates a balance between growth factor stimuli and
nutrient availability. Amino acids or glucose facilitates mTORC1 activation by
inducing RagA GTPase recruitment of mTORC1 to the lysosomal outer surface,
enabling activation of mTOR by the Ras homolog Rheb. Thereby, RagA alters
mTORC1-driven growth in times of nutrient abundance or scarcity. Here, we have
evaluated differential nutrient-sensing dependence through RagA and mTORC1 in
hematopoietic progenitors, which dynamically drive mature cell production, and
hematopoietic stem cells (HSC), which provide a quiescent cellular reserve. In
nutrient-abundant conditions, RagA-deficient HSC were functionally unimpaired and
upregulated mTORC1 via nutrient-insensitive mechanisms. RagA was also dispensable
for HSC function under nutritional stress conditions. Similarly, hyperactivation
of RagA did not affect HSC function. In contrast, RagA deficiency markedly
altered progenitor population function and mature cell output. Therefore, RagA is
a molecular mechanism that distinguishes the functional attributes of reactive
progenitors from a reserve stem cell pool. The indifference of HSC to nutrient
sensing through RagA contributes to their molecular resilience to nutritional
stress, a characteristic that is relevant to organismal viability in evolution
and in modern HSC transplantation approaches.