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2017 ; 5
(1
): ä Nephropedia Template TP
gab.com Text
Twit Text FOAVip
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English Wikipedia
The Escape of Cancer from T Cell-Mediated Immune Surveillance: HLA Class I Loss
and Tumor Tissue Architecture
#MMPMID28264447
Garrido F
; Perea F
; Bernal M
; Sánchez-Palencia A
; Aptsiauri N
; Ruiz-Cabello F
Vaccines (Basel)
2017[Feb]; 5
(1
): ä PMID28264447
show ga
Tumor immune escape is associated with the loss of tumor HLA class I (HLA-I)
expression commonly found in malignant cells. Accumulating evidence suggests that
the efficacy of immunotherapy depends on the expression levels of HLA class I
molecules on tumors cells. It also depends on the molecular mechanism underlying
the loss of HLA expression, which could be reversible/"soft" or
irreversible/"hard" due to genetic alterations in HLA, ?2-microglobulin or IFN
genes. Immune selection of HLA-I negative tumor cells harboring
structural/irreversible alterations has been demonstrated after immunotherapy in
cancer patients and in experimental cancer models. Here, we summarize recent
findings indicating that tumor HLA-I loss also correlates with a reduced
intra-tumor T cell infiltration and with a specific reorganization of tumor
tissue. T cell immune selection of HLA-I negative tumors results in a clear
separation between the stroma and the tumor parenchyma with leucocytes,
macrophages and other mononuclear cells restrained outside the tumor mass. Better
understanding of the structural and functional changes taking place in the tumor
microenvironment may help to overcome cancer immune escape and improve the
efficacy of different immunotherapeutic strategies. We also underline the urgent
need for designing strategies to enhance tumor HLA class I expression that could
improve tumor rejection by cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTL).