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2017 ; 61
(4
): ä Nephropedia Template TP
gab.com Text
Twit Text FOAVip
Twit Text #
English Wikipedia
Nephrotoxicity in Patients with or without Cystic Fibrosis Treated with Polymyxin
B Compared to Colistin
#MMPMID28167560
Crass RL
; Rutter WC
; Burgess DR
; Martin CA
; Burgess DS
Antimicrob Agents Chemother
2017[Apr]; 61
(4
): ä PMID28167560
show ga
Nephrotoxicity is the primary adverse effect of the polymyxins. The relative
rates of toxicity of polymyxin B and colistin have not been fully elucidated,
especially in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). A retrospective cohort study of
adults treated with polymyxin B or colistin for at least 48 h was conducted. The
primary endpoint was the incidence of kidney injury assessed by RIFLE (i.e.,
risk, injury, failure, loss, end-stage renal disease) criteria. Risk factors for
kidney injury were evaluated using multivariate Cox regression. A total of 414
patients were evaluated, 220 of whom had CF. In patients without CF, there was no
difference in kidney injury with polymyxin B and colistin (42.9% versus 50.3%, P
= 0.46). Loop diuretic exposure was a risk factor for kidney injury (adjusted
hazard ratio [aHR], 1.82; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.16 to 2.83) in this
population. In patients with CF, polymyxin B and colistin were associated with
similar rates of kidney injury (34.5% versus 29.8%, P = 0.77). Diabetes (aHR,
2.68; 95% CI, 1.01 to 7.11), loop diuretics (aHR, 3.02; 95% CI, 1.36 to 6.73),
and progressive care unit admission (aHR, 8.21; 95% CI, 2.55 to 26.46) were risk
factors for kidney injury, while higher baseline serum creatinine levels (per 1
mg/dl) were protective (aHR, 0.08; 95% CI, 0.01 to 0.48). Total unadjusted kidney
injury in polymyxin-treated patients was less frequent in those who had CF (30.5%
versus 48.5%, P < 0.001). Polymyxin B and colistin are associated with a high
incidence of kidney injury; cystic fibrosis may be protective against polymyxin
nephrotoxicity, but further investigation is needed to confirm this conjecture.