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Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 233.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Arterioscler+Thromb+Vasc+Biol 2017 ; 37 (4): 664-74 Nephropedia Template TP
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Tamoxifen Directly Inhibits Platelet Angiogenic Potential and Platelet-Mediated Metastasis #MMPMID28153880
Johnson KE; Forward JA; Tippy MD; Ceglowski JR; El-Husayni S; Kulenthirarajan R; Machlus KR; Mayer EL; Italiano JE; Battinelli EM
Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2017[Apr]; 37 (4): 664-74 PMID28153880show ga
Objective: Platelets, which are mainly known for their role in hemostasis, are now known to play a crucial role in metastasis. Tamoxifen is a selective estrogen receptor modulator that is widely used for the treatment of breast cancer. Tamoxifen and its metabolites have been shown to directly impact platelet function suggesting that this drug has additional mechanisms of action. The purpose of this study was to determine whether tamoxifen exerts anti-tumor effects through direct platelet inhibition. Approach and Results: This study found that pretreatment with tamoxifen leads to a significant inhibition of platelet activation. Platelets exposed to tamoxifen released significantly lower amounts of pro-angiogenic regulator VEGF. In vitro angiogenesis assays confirmed that tamoxifen pretreatment led to diminished capillary tube formation and decreased endothelial migration. Tamoxifen and its metabolite, 4-Hydroxytamoxifen, also significantly inhibited the ability of platelets to promote metastasis in vitro. Using a membrane based array, we identified several proteins associated with angiogenesis metastasis that were lower in activated releasate from tamoxifen treated platelets including angiogenin, CXCL1, CCL5, EGF, CXCL5 and PDGF-BB while anti-angiogenic angiopoietin-1 was elevated. Platelets isolated from patients on tamoxifen maintenance therapy were also found to have decreased activation responses, diminished VEGF release and lower angiogenic and metastatic potential. Conclusions: We demonstrate that tamoxifen and its metabolite 4-Hydroxytamoxifen directly alters platelet function leading to decreased angiogenic and metastatic potential. Furthermore, this study supports the idea of utilizing targeted platelet therapies to inhibit the platelet?s role in angiogenesis and malignancy.