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2017 ; 2
(2
): ä Nephropedia Template TP
gab.com Text
Twit Text FOAVip
Twit Text #
English Wikipedia
Next-Generation Sequencing Combined with Specific PCR Assays To Determine the
Bacterial 16S rRNA Gene Profiles of Middle Ear Fluid Collected from Children with
Acute Otitis Media
#MMPMID28357413
Sillanpää S
; Kramna L
; Oikarinen S
; Sipilä M
; Rautiainen M
; Aittoniemi J
; Laranne J
; Hyöty H
; Cinek O
mSphere
2017[Mar]; 2
(2
): ä PMID28357413
show ga
The aim of the study was to analyze the bacteriome of acute otitis media with a
novel modification of next-generation sequencing techniques. Outpatient children
with acute otitis media were enrolled in the study, and middle ear fluids were
collected during 90 episodes from 79 subjects aged 5 to 42 months (median age,
19 months). The bacteriome profiles of middle ear fluid samples were determined
by a nested-PCR amplification of the 16S rRNA gene (V4 region), followed by mass
sequencing. The profiling results were compared to the results of specific PCR
assays targeting selected prevalent pathogens. Bacteriome profiling using nested
amplification of low-volume samples was aided by a bioinformatic subtraction of
signal contaminants from the recombinant polymerase, achieving a sensitivity
slightly lower than that of specific PCR detection. Streptococcus pneumoniae was
detected in 28 (31%) samples, Haemophilus influenzae in 24 (27%), Moraxella
catarrhalis in 18 (20%), Staphylococcus spp. in 21 (23%), Turicella otitidis in 5
(5.6%), Alloiococcus otitidis in 3 (3.3%), and other bacteria in 14 (16%) using
bacteriome profiling. S. pneumoniae was the dominant pathogen in 14 (16%)
samples, H. influenzae in 15 (17%), M. catarrhalis in 5 (5.6%), T. otitidis in 2,
and Staphylococcus auricularis in 2. Weaker signals of Prevotella melaninogenica,
Veillonella dispar, and Veillonella montpellierensis were noted in several
samples. Fourteen samples (16%) were not explainable by bacterial pathogens;
novel causative agents were not detected. In conclusion, unbiased bacteriome
profiling helped in depicting the true mutual quantitative ratios of ear
bacteria, but at present, its complicated protocol impedes its routine clinical
use. IMPORTANCE Although S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae, and M. catarrhalis have
been long established as the most important pathogens in acute otitis media using
culture and specific PCR assays, the knowledge of their mutual quantitative
relations and possible roles of other bacteria is incomplete. The advent of
unbiased bacteriome 16S rRNA gene profiling has allowed the detection of nearly
all bacteria present in the sample, and it helps in depicting their mutual
quantitative ratios. Due to the difficulties in performing mass sequencing in
low-volume samples, only a few bacteriome-profiling studies of otitis media have
been published, all limited to cases of chronic otitis media. Here, we present a
study on samples obtained from young children with acute otitis media,
successfully using a strategy of nested PCR coupled with mass sequencing, and
demonstrate that the method can confer quantitative information hardly obtainable
by other methods.