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Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 245.2 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 J+Immunol 2017 ; 198 (7): 2689-98 Nephropedia Template TP
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Exopolysaccharide from Bacillus subtilis induces anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages that prevent T cell-mediated disease #MMPMID28202619
Paynich ML; Jones-Burrage SE; Knight KL
J Immunol 2017[Apr]; 198 (7): 2689-98 PMID28202619show ga
Commensal bacteria contribute to immune homeostasis in the gastrointestinal tract; however, the underlying mechanisms for this are not well understood. A single dose of exopolysaccharide (EPS) from the probiotic spore-forming bacterium Bacillus subtilis protects mice from acute colitis induced by the enteric pathogen Citrobacter rodentium. Adoptive transfer of macrophage-rich peritoneal cells from EPS-treated mice confers protection from disease to recipient mice. In vivo, EPS induces development of anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages in a TLR4-dependent manner, and these cells inhibit T cell activation both in vitro and in C. rodentium-infected mice. In vitro, the M2 macrophages inhibit both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, and the inhibition of CD4+ T cells is dependent on TGF-?, whereas inhibition of CD8+ T cells is dependent on both TGF-? and PD-L1. We suggest that administration of B. subtilis EPS can be utilized to broadly inhibit T cell activation and thus control T cell-mediated immune responses in numerous inflammatory diseases.