Exopolysaccharide from Bacillus subtilis Induces Anti-Inflammatory M2 Macrophages
That Prevent T Cell-Mediated Disease
#MMPMID28202619
Paynich ML
; Jones-Burrage SE
; Knight KL
J Immunol
2017[Apr]; 198
(7
): 2689-2698
PMID28202619
show ga
Commensal bacteria contribute to immune homeostasis in the gastrointestinal
tract; however, the underlying mechanisms for this are not well understood. A
single dose of exopolysaccharide (EPS) from the probiotic spore-forming bacterium
Bacillus subtilis protects mice from acute colitis induced by the enteric
pathogen Citrobacter rodentium Adoptive transfer of macrophage-rich peritoneal
cells from EPS-treated mice confers protection from disease to recipient mice. In
vivo, EPS induces development of anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages in a
TLR4-dependent manner, and these cells inhibit T cell activation in vitro and in
C. rodentium-infected mice. In vitro, M2 macrophages inhibit CD4(+) and CD8(+) T
cells. The inhibition of CD4(+) T cells is dependent on TGF-?, whereas inhibition
of CD8(+) T cells is dependent on TGF-? and PD-L1. We suggest that administration
of B. subtilis EPS can be used to broadly inhibit T cell activation and, thus,
control T cell-mediated immune responses in numerous inflammatory diseases.
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