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Orogen-scale uplift in the central Italian Apennines drives episodic behaviour of
earthquake faults
#MMPMID28322311
Cowie PA
; Phillips RJ
; Roberts GP
; McCaffrey K
; Zijerveld LJ
; Gregory LC
; Faure Walker J
; Wedmore LN
; Dunai TJ
; Binnie SA
; Freeman SP
; Wilcken K
; Shanks RP
; Huismans RS
; Papanikolaou I
; Michetti AM
; Wilkinson M
Sci Rep
2017[Mar]; 7
(?): 44858
PMID28322311
show ga
Many areas of the Earth's crust deform by distributed extensional faulting and
complex fault interactions are often observed. Geodetic data generally indicate a
simpler picture of continuum deformation over decades but relating this behaviour
to earthquake occurrence over centuries, given numerous potentially active
faults, remains a global problem in hazard assessment. We address this challenge
for an array of seismogenic faults in the central Italian Apennines, where
crustal extension and devastating earthquakes occur in response to regional
surface uplift. We constrain fault slip-rates since ~18 ka using variations in
cosmogenic (36)Cl measured on bedrock scarps, mapped using LiDAR and ground
penetrating radar, and compare these rates to those inferred from geodesy. The
(36)Cl data reveal that individual faults typically accumulate meters of
displacement relatively rapidly over several thousand years, separated by similar
length time intervals when slip-rates are much lower, and activity shifts between
faults across strike. Our rates agree with continuum deformation rates when
averaged over long spatial or temporal scales (10(4)?yr; 10(2)?km) but over
shorter timescales most of the deformation may be accommodated by <30% of the
across-strike fault array. We attribute the shifts in activity to temporal
variations in the mechanical work of faulting.
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