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2017 ; 8
(ä): 162
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Perfused Gills Reveal Fundamental Principles of pH Regulation and Ammonia
Homeostasis in the Cephalopod Octopus vulgaris
#MMPMID28373845
Hu MY
; Sung PH
; Guh YJ
; Lee JR
; Hwang PP
; Weihrauch D
; Tseng YC
Front Physiol
2017[]; 8
(ä): 162
PMID28373845
show ga
In contrast to terrestrial animals most aquatic species can be characterized by
relatively higher blood [Formula: see text] concentrations despite its potential
toxicity to the central nervous system. Although many aquatic species excrete
[Formula: see text] via specialized epithelia little information is available
regarding the mechanistic basis for NH(3)/[Formula: see text] homeostasis in
molluscs. Using perfused gills of Octopus vulgaris we studied acid-base
regulation and ammonia excretion pathways in this cephalopod species. The octopus
gill is capable of regulating ammonia (NH(3)/[Formula: see text]) homeostasis by
the accumulation of ammonia at low blood levels (<260 ?M) and secretion at blood
ammonia concentrations exceeding in vivo levels of 300 ?M. [Formula: see text]
transport is sensitive to the adenylyl cyclase inhibitor KH7 indicating that this
process is mediated through cAMP-dependent pathways. The perfused octopus gill
has substantial pH regulatory abilities during an acidosis, accompanied by an
increased secretion of [Formula: see text]. Immunohistochemical and qPCR analyses
revealed tissue specific expression and localization of Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase, V-type
H(+)-ATPase, Na(+)/H(+)-exchanger 3, and Rhesus protein in the gill. Using the
octopus gill as a molluscan model, our results highlight the coupling of
acid-base regulation and nitrogen excretion, which may represent a conserved pH
regulatory mechanism across many marine taxa.