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2017 ; 8
(8
): 13832-13845
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Metformin promotes apoptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma through the
CEBPD-induced autophagy pathway
#MMPMID28099155
Tsai HH
; Lai HY
; Chen YC
; Li CF
; Huang HS
; Liu HS
; Tsai YS
; Wang JM
Oncotarget
2017[Feb]; 8
(8
): 13832-13845
PMID28099155
show ga
Metformin, as an AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activator, can activate
autophagy. A study showed that metformin decreased the risk of hepatocellular
carcinoma (HCC) in diabetic patients. However, the detailed mechanism in the
metformin-mediated anticancer effect remains an open question. Transcription
factor CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein delta (CEBPD) has been suggested to serve
as a tumor suppressor and is responsive to multiple anticancer drugs in HCC. In
this study, we found that CEBPD and autophagy are involved in metformin-induced
cell apoptosis in Huh7 cells. The underlying mechanisms in this process included
a reduction in Src-mediated CEBPD protein degradation and an increase in
CEBPD-regulated LC3B and ATG3 gene transcription under metformin treatment. We
also found that AMPK is involved in metformin-induced CEBPD expression. Combined
treatment with metformin and rapamycin can enhance autophagic cell death through
the AMPK-dependent and AMPK-independent pathway, respectively. Taken together, we
provide a new insight and therapeutic approach by targeting autophagy in the
treatment of HCC.