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2017 ; 8
(3
): 4484-4500
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An oncogenic KRAS transcription program activates the RHOGEF ARHGEF2 to mediate
transformed phenotypes in pancreatic cancer
#MMPMID27835861
Kent OA
; Sandí MJ
; Burston HE
; Brown KR
; Rottapel R
Oncotarget
2017[Jan]; 8
(3
): 4484-4500
PMID27835861
show ga
Activating mutations of KRAS are nearly ubiquitous in pancreatic adenocarcinomas
occurring in greater than 90% of cases. Cellular transformation by oncogenic RAS
requires the RHO guanine exchange factor ARHGEF2 (also known as GEF-H1) for tumor
growth and survival. Here, we find oncogenic KRAS activates ARHGEF2 through a
minimal RAS responsive promoter. We have determined the endogenous ARHGEF2
promoter is positively regulated by the transcription factors ELK1, ETS1, SP1 and
SP3 and negatively regulated by the RAS responsive element binding protein
(RREB1). We find that the panel of ARHGEF2-regulating transcription factors
modulates RAS transformed phenotypes including cellular viability,
anchorage-independent growth and invasion-migration of pancreatic cancer cells.
RREB1 knockdown activates the amplitude and duration of RHOA via increased
ARHGEF2 expression. By relieving the negative regulation of RREB1 on the ARHGEF2
promoter, we determined that ETS1 and SP3 are essential for the normal expression
of ARHGEF2 and contribute to the migratory behavior of pancreatic cancer cells.
Furthermore, enforced expression of ARHGEF2 rescues loss of SP3 driven
invasion-migration and anchorage-independent growth defective phenotypes through
restored activation of RHOA. Collectively, our results identify a transcription
factor program required for RAS transformation and provide mechanistic insight
into the highly metastatic behavior of pancreatic cancer.