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2017 ; 292
(10
): 4336-4349
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A Trimer Consisting of the Tubulin-specific Chaperone D (TBCD), Regulatory GTPase
ARL2, and ?-Tubulin Is Required for Maintaining the Microtubule Network
#MMPMID28126905
Francis JW
; Newman LE
; Cunningham LA
; Kahn RA
J Biol Chem
2017[Mar]; 292
(10
): 4336-4349
PMID28126905
show ga
Microtubule dynamics involves the polymerization and depolymerization of tubulin
dimers and is an essential and highly regulated process required for cell
viability, architecture, and division. The regulation of the microtubule network
also depends on the maintenance of a pool of ??-tubulin heterodimers. These
dimers are the end result of complex folding and assembly events, requiring the
TCP1 Ring Complex (TriC or CCT) chaperonin and five tubulin-specific chaperones,
tubulin binding cofactors A-E (TBCA-TBCE). However, models of the actions of
these chaperones are incomplete or inconsistent. We previously purified TBCD from
bovine tissues and showed that it tightly binds the small GTPase ARL2 but appears
to be inactive. Here, in an effort to identify the functional form of TBCD and
using non-denaturing gels and immunoblotting, we analyzed lysates from a number
of mouse tissues and cell lines to identify the quaternary state(s) of TBCD and
ARL2. We found that both proteins co-migrated in native gels in a complex of ?200
kDa that also contained ?-tubulin. Using human embryonic kidney cells enabled the
purification of the TBCD·ARL2·?-tubulin trimer found in cell and tissue lysates
as well as two other novel TBCD complexes. Characterization of ARL2 point mutants
that disrupt binding to TBCD suggested that the ARL2-TBCD interaction is critical
for proper maintenance of microtubule densities in cells. We conclude that the
TBCD·ARL2·?-tubulin trimer represents a functional complex whose activity is
fundamental to microtubule dynamics.