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10.1371/journal.pone.0174101 http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.1371/journal.pone.0174101 C5354451!5354451!28301610     free     free     free Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 213.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 213.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 213.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 213.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 213.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 247.2 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 247.2 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534       PLoS+One 2017 ; 12 (3): ä Nephropedia Template TP {{tp|p=28301610|t=2017. The effects of substance P and acetylcholine on human tenocyte proliferation converge mechanistically via TGF-?1 |pdf=|usr=}}{{28301610}} gab.com Text The effects of substance P and acetylcholine on human tenocyte proliferation converge mechanistically via TGF- 1 JO: PLoS One http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=28301610 #FOAvip Previous in vitro studies on human tendon cells (tenocytes) have demonstrated that the exogenous administration of substance P (SP) and acetylcholine (ACh) independently result in tenocyte proliferation, which is a prominent feature of tendinosis. Interestingly, the possible link between SP and ACh has not yet been explored in human tenocytes. Recent studies in other cell types demonstrate that both SP and ACh independently upregulate TGF-?1 expression via their respective receptors, the neurokinin 1 receptor (NK-1R) and muscarinic ACh receptors (mAChRs). Furthermore, TGF-?1 has been shown to downregulate NK-1R expression in human keratocytes. The aim of this study was to examine if TGF-?1 is the intermediary player involved in mediating the proliferative pathway shared by SP and ACh in human tenocytes. The results showed that exogenous administration of SP and ACh both caused significant upregulation of TGF-?1 at the mRNA and protein levels. Exposing cells to TGF-?1 resulted in increased cell viability of tenocytes, which was blocked in the presence of the TGF?RI/II kinase inhibitor. In addition, the proliferative effects of SP and ACh on tenocytes were reduced by the TGF?RI/II kinase inhibitor; this supports the hypothesis that the proliferative effects of these signal substances are mediated via the TGF-? axis. Furthermore, exogenous TGF-?1 downregulated NK-1R and mAChRs expression at both the mRNA and protein levels, and these effects were negated by simultaneous exposure to the TGF?RI/II kinase inhibitor, suggesting a negative feedback loop. In conclusion, the results indicate that TGF-?1 is the intermediary player through which the proliferative actions of both SP and ACh converge mechanistically. Twit Text FOAVip The effects of substance P and acetylcholine on human tenocyte proliferation converge mechanistically via TGF- 1 ????PLoS One http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=28301610 #FOAvip Twit Text # Free Paper on # # # # # LINK http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=28301610 #FOAvip English Wikipedia <ref>{{Cite pmid|28301610}}</ref> The effects of substance P and acetylcholine on human tenocyte proliferation converge mechanistically via TGF-?1 #MMPMID28301610 Fong G; Backman LJ; Alfredson H; Scott A; Danielson P PLoS One 2017[]; 12 (3): ä PMID28301610show ga Previous in vitro studies on human tendon cells (tenocytes) have demonstrated that the exogenous administration of substance P (SP) and acetylcholine (ACh) independently result in tenocyte proliferation, which is a prominent feature of tendinosis. Interestingly, the possible link between SP and ACh has not yet been explored in human tenocytes. Recent studies in other cell types demonstrate that both SP and ACh independently upregulate TGF-?1 expression via their respective receptors, the neurokinin 1 receptor (NK-1R) and muscarinic ACh receptors (mAChRs). Furthermore, TGF-?1 has been shown to downregulate NK-1R expression in human keratocytes. The aim of this study was to examine if TGF-?1 is the intermediary player involved in mediating the proliferative pathway shared by SP and ACh in human tenocytes. The results showed that exogenous administration of SP and ACh both caused significant upregulation of TGF-?1 at the mRNA and protein levels. Exposing cells to TGF-?1 resulted in increased cell viability of tenocytes, which was blocked in the presence of the TGF?RI/II kinase inhibitor. In addition, the proliferative effects of SP and ACh on tenocytes were reduced by the TGF?RI/II kinase inhibitor; this supports the hypothesis that the proliferative effects of these signal substances are mediated via the TGF-? axis. Furthermore, exogenous TGF-?1 downregulated NK-1R and mAChRs expression at both the mRNA and protein levels, and these effects were negated by simultaneous exposure to the TGF?RI/II kinase inhibitor, suggesting a negative feedback loop. In conclusion, the results indicate that TGF-?1 is the intermediary player through which the proliferative actions of both SP and ACh converge mechanistically. äThe effects of substance P and acetylcholine on human tenocyte prolife(epmc).pdf DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing