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2014 ; 1
(7
): 247-249
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Mutagenesis by host antimicrobial peptides: insights into microbial evolution
during chronic infections
#MMPMID28357249
Limoli DH
; Wozniak DJ
Microb Cell
2014[Jun]; 1
(7
): 247-249
PMID28357249
show ga
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are produced by the mammalian immune system to
fight invading pathogens. The best understood function of AMPs is to integrate
into the membranes of microbes, thereby disrupting and killing cells. However, a
recent study [PLoS Pathogens (2014) 10, e1004083] provides evidence that at
subinhibitory levels, AMPs promote mutations in bacterial DNA, which enhance
bacterial survival. In particular, in the bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa, one
AMP called LL-37 can promote mutations, which enable the bacteria to overproduce
a protective sugar coating, a process called mucoid conversion. P. aeruginosa
mucoid conversion is a major risk factor for those suffering from cystic fibrosis
(CF), one of the most common lethal, heritable diseases in the US. LL-37 was
found to produce mutations by penetrating the bacterial cell and binding to
bacterial DNA. It was proposed that LL-37 binding DNA disrupts normal DNA
replication and potentiates mutations. Importantly, LL-37 induced mutagenesis was
also found to promote resistance to rifampicin in both P. aeruginosa and E. coli.
This suggests that AMP-induced mutagenesis may be important for a broad range of
chronic diseases and pathogens.