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When and where? Pathogenic Escherichia coli differentially sense host D-serine
using a universal transporter system to monitor their environment
#MMPMID28357351
Connolly JP
; Roe AJ
Microb Cell
2016[Mar]; 3
(4
): 181-184
PMID28357351
show ga
Sensing environmental stimuli is critically important for bacteria when faced
with the multitude of adversities presented within the host. Responding
appropriately to these signals and in turn integrating these responses into the
regulatory network of the cell allows bacteria to control precisely when and
where they should establish colonization. D-serine is an abundant metabolite of
the human urinary tract but is a toxic metabolite for Escherichia coli that lack
a D-serine tolerance locus. Enterohaemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) cannot catabolize
D-serine for this reason and colonize the large intestine specifically, an
environment low in D-serine. EHEC can however use D-serine sensing to repress
colonization thus signaling the presence of an unfavorable environment. In our
recent work (Connolly, et al. PLoS Pathogens (2016) 12(1): e1005359), we describe
the discovery of a functional and previously uncharacterized D-serine uptake
system in E. coli. The genes identified are highly conserved in all E. coli
lineages but are regulated differentially in unique pathogenic backgrounds. The
study identified that EHEC, counter-intuitively, increase D-serine uptake in its
presence but that this is a tolerated process and is used to increase the
transcriptional response to this signal. It was also found that the system has
been integrated into the transcriptional network of EHEC-specific virulence
genes, demonstrating an important pathotype-specific adaptation of core genome
components.
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