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2016 ; 7
(49
): 80554-80567
Nephropedia Template TP
Schaar A
; Sukumaran P
; Sun Y
; Dhasarathy A
; Singh BB
Oncotarget
2016[Dec]; 7
(49
): 80554-80567
PMID27793015
show ga
Activation of Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) is important for tumor
metastasis. Although growth factors such as TGF? and EGF have been shown to
induce EMT in breast epithelial cells, the mechanism resulting in migration is
not well understood. Herein, we provide evidence that Ca2+ entry into the cell,
especially upon store-depletion, plays an important role in TGF?-induced EMT by
promoting cellular migration and potentially leading to metastasis. The increased
migration by TGF? in non-cancerous cells was due to the loss of E-cadherin along
with a subsequent increase in N-cadherin levels. Importantly, TGF?-treatment
increases store-mediated Ca2+ entry, which was essential for the activation of
calpain leading to the loss of E-cadherin and MMP activation. Inhibition of Ca2+
entry by using Ca2+ channel blocker SKF-96365, significantly decreased Ca2+
entry, decreased TGF?-induced calpain activation, and suppressed the loss of
E-cadherin along with inhibiting cell migration. Furthermore, TRPC1 function as
an endogenous Ca2+ entry channel and silencing of either TRPC1 or its activator,
STIM1, significantly decreased TGF? induced Ca2+ entry, inhibited TGF?-mediated
calpain activation and cell migration. In contrast, overexpression of TRPC1
showed increased Ca2+ entry and promoted TGF?-mediated cell migration. Moreover,
increased TRPC1 expression was observed in ductal carcinoma cells. Together these
results suggest that disrupting Ca2+ influx via TRPC1/STIM1 mechanism reduces
calpain activity, which could restore intercellular junction proteins thereby
inhibiting EMT induced motility.