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2016 ; 7
(50
): 82482-82492
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Mesenchymal stem cells and macrophages interact through IL-6 to promote
inflammatory breast cancer in pre-clinical models
#MMPMID27756885
Wolfe AR
; Trenton NJ
; Debeb BG
; Larson R
; Ruffell B
; Chu K
; Hittelman W
; Diehl M
; Reuben JM
; Ueno NT
; Woodward WA
Oncotarget
2016[Dec]; 7
(50
): 82482-82492
PMID27756885
show ga
Inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) is a unique and deadly disease with unknown
drivers. We hypothesized the inflammatory environment contributes to the IBC
phenotype. We used an in vitro co-culture system to investigate interactions
between normal and polarized macrophages (RAW 264.7 cell line), bone-marrow
derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and IBC cells (SUM 149 and MDA-IBC3). We
used an in vivo model that reproduces the IBC phenotype by co-injecting IBC cells
with MSCs into the mammary fat pad. Mice were then treated with a macrophage
recruitment inhibitor, anti-CSF1. MSC and macrophages grown in co-culture
produced higher levels of pro-tumor properties such as enhanced migration and
elevated IL-6 secretion. IBC cells co-cultured with educated MSCs also displayed
enhanced invasion and mammosphere formation and blocked by anti-IL-6 and statin
treatment. The treatment of mice co-injected with IBC cells and MSCs with
anti-CSF1 inhibited tumor associated macrophages and inhibited pSTAT3 expression
in tumor cells. Anti-CSF1 treated mice also exhibited reduced tumor growth, skin
invasion, and local recurrence. Herein we demonstrate reciprocal tumor
interactions through IL-6 with cells found in the IBC microenvironment. Our
results suggest IL-6 is a mediator of these tumor promoting influences and is
important for the IBC induced migration of MSCs.