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2017 ; 114
(10
): 2568-2573
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Activation mechanism of the G protein-coupled sweet receptor heterodimer with
sweeteners and allosteric agonists
#MMPMID28228527
Kim SK
; Chen Y
; Abrol R
; Goddard WA 3rd
; Guthrie B
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
2017[Mar]; 114
(10
): 2568-2573
PMID28228527
show ga
The sweet taste in humans is mediated by the TAS1R2/TAS1R3 G protein-coupled
receptor (GPCR), which belongs to the class C family that also includes the
metabotropic glutamate and ?-aminobutyric acid receptors. We report here the
predicted 3D structure of the full-length TAS1R2/TAS1R3 heterodimer, including
the Venus Flytrap Domains (VFDs) [in the closed-open (co) active conformation],
the cysteine-rich domains (CRDs), and the transmembrane domains (TMDs) at the
TM56/TM56 interface. We observe that binding of agonists to VFD2 of TAS1R2 leads
to major conformational changes to form a TM6/TM6 interface between TMDs of
TAS1R2 and TAS1R3, which is consistent with the activation process observed
biophysically on the metabotropic glutamate receptor 2 homodimer. We find that
the initial effect of the agonist is to pull the bottom part of VFD3/TAS1R3
toward the bottom part of VFD2/TAS1R2 by ?6 Å and that these changes get
transmitted from VFD2 of TAS1R2 (where agonists bind) through the VFD3 and the
CRD3 to the TMD3 of TAS1R3 (which couples to the G protein). These structural
transformations provide a detailed atomistic mechanism for the activation process
in GPCR, providing insights and structural details that can now be validated
through mutation experiments.