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2017 ; 2017
(ä): 5140679
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Thrombosis, Neuroinflammation, and Poststroke Infection: The Multifaceted Role of
Neutrophils in Stroke
#MMPMID28331857
Ruhnau J
; Schulze J
; Dressel A
; Vogelgesang A
J Immunol Res
2017[]; 2017
(ä): 5140679
PMID28331857
show ga
Immune cells can significantly predict and affect the clinical outcome of stroke.
In particular, the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio was shown to predict
hemorrhagic transformation and the clinical outcome of stroke; however, the
immunological mechanisms underlying these effects are poorly understood.
Neutrophils are the first cells to invade injured tissue following focal brain
ischemia. In these conditions, their proinflammatory properties enhance tissue
damage and may promote ischemic incidences by inducing thrombus formation.
Therefore, they constitute a potential target for therapeutic approaches and
prevention of stroke. Indeed, in animal models of focal brain ischemia,
neutrophils have been targeted with successful results. However, even in brain
lesions, neutrophils also exert beneficial effects, because they are involved in
triggering immunological removal of cell debris. Furthermore, intact neutrophil
function is essential for maintaining immunological defense against bacterial
infections. Several studies have demonstrated that stroke-derived neutrophils
displayed impaired bacterial defense capacity. Because infections are known to
impair the clinical course of stroke, therapeutic interventions that target
neutrophils should preserve or even restore their function outside the central
nervous system (CNS). This complex situation requires well-tailored therapeutic
approaches that can effectively tackle immune cell invasion in the brain but
avoid increasing poststroke infections.
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