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2017 ; 7
(ä): 44201
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Identification of the Beer Component Hordenine as Food-Derived Dopamine D2
Receptor Agonist by Virtual Screening a 3D Compound Database
#MMPMID28281694
Sommer T
; Hübner H
; El Kerdawy A
; Gmeiner P
; Pischetsrieder M
; Clark T
Sci Rep
2017[Mar]; 7
(ä): 44201
PMID28281694
show ga
The dopamine D2 receptor (D2R) is involved in food reward and compulsive food
intake. The present study developed a virtual screening (VS) method to identify
food components, which may modulate D2R signalling. In contrast to their common
applications in drug discovery, VS methods are rarely applied for the discovery
of bioactive food compounds. Here, databases were created that exclusively
contain substances occurring in food and natural sources (about 13,000 different
compounds in total) as the basis for combined pharmacophore searching, hit-list
clustering and molecular docking into D2R homology models. From 17 compounds
finally tested in radioligand assays to determine their binding affinities, seven
were classified as hits (hit rate?=?41%). Functional properties of the five most
active compounds were further examined in ?-arrestin recruitment and cAMP
inhibition experiments. D2R-promoted G-protein activation was observed for
hordenine, a constituent of barley and beer, with approximately identical ligand
efficacy as dopamine (76%) and a K(i) value of 13??M. Moreover, hordenine
antagonised D2-mediated ?-arrestin recruitment indicating functional selectivity.
Application of our databases provides new perspectives for the discovery of
bioactive food constituents using VS methods. Based on its presence in beer, we
suggest that hordenine significantly contributes to mood-elevating effects of
beer.