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2017 ; 12
(ä): 246-263
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Adipose tissue NAD(+)-homeostasis, sirtuins and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases
-important players in mitochondrial metabolism and metabolic health
#MMPMID28279944
Jokinen R
; Pirnes-Karhu S
; Pietiläinen KH
; Pirinen E
Redox Biol
2017[Aug]; 12
(ä): 246-263
PMID28279944
show ga
Obesity, a chronic state of energy overload, is characterized by adipose tissue
dysfunction that is considered to be the major driver for obesity associated
metabolic complications. The reasons for adipose tissue dysfunction are
incompletely understood, but one potential contributing factor is adipose tissue
mitochondrial dysfunction. Derangements of adipose tissue mitochondrial
biogenesis and pathways associate with obesity and metabolic diseases.
Mitochondria are central organelles in energy metabolism through their role in
energy derivation through catabolic oxidative reactions. The mitochondrial
processes are dependent on the proper NAD(+)/NADH redox balance and NAD(+) is
essential for reactions catalyzed by the key regulators of mitochondrial
metabolism, sirtuins (SIRTs) and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs). Notably,
obesity is associated with disturbed adipose tissue NAD(+) homeostasis and the
balance of SIRT and PARP activities. In this review we aim to summarize existing
literature on the maintenance of intracellular NAD(+) pools and the function of
SIRTs and PARPs in adipose tissue during normal and obese conditions, with the
purpose of comprehending their potential role in mitochondrial derangements and
obesity associated metabolic complications. Understanding the molecular
mechanisms that are the root cause of the adipose tissue mitochondrial
derangements is crucial for developing new effective strategies to reverse
obesity associated metabolic complications.