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2017 ; 28
(3
): 476-487
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Diverse activities of viral cis-acting RNA regulatory elements revealed using
multicolor, long-term, single-cell imaging
#MMPMID27903772
Pocock GM
; Zimdars LL
; Yuan M
; Eliceiri KW
; Ahlquist P
; Sherer NM
Mol Biol Cell
2017[Feb]; 28
(3
): 476-487
PMID27903772
show ga
Cis-acting RNA structural elements govern crucial aspects of viral gene
expression. How these structures and other posttranscriptional signals affect RNA
trafficking and translation in the context of single cells is poorly understood.
Herein we describe a multicolor, long-term (>24 h) imaging strategy for measuring
integrated aspects of viral RNA regulatory control in individual cells. We apply
this strategy to demonstrate differential mRNA trafficking behaviors governed by
RNA elements derived from three retroviruses (HIV-1, murine leukemia virus, and
Mason-Pfizer monkey virus), two hepadnaviruses (hepatitis B virus and woodchuck
hepatitis virus), and an intron-retaining transcript encoded by the cellular NXF1
gene. Striking behaviors include "burst" RNA nuclear export dynamics regulated by
HIV-1's Rev response element and the viral Rev protein; transient aggregations of
RNAs into discrete foci at or near the nuclear membrane triggered by multiple
elements; and a novel, pulsiform RNA export activity regulated by the
hepadnaviral posttranscriptional regulatory element. We incorporate single-cell
tracking and a data-mining algorithm into our approach to obtain RNA
element-specific, high-resolution gene expression signatures. Together these
imaging assays constitute a tractable, systems-based platform for studying
otherwise difficult to access spatiotemporal features of viral and cellular gene
regulation.