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10.1038/srep43867 http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.1038/srep43867 C5338352!5338352!28262722     free     free     free Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 211.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 211.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534       Sci+Rep 2017 ; 7 (ä): ä Nephropedia Template TP {{tp|p=28262722|t=2017. Working dogs cooperate among one another by generalised reciprocity |pdf=|usr=}}{{28262722}} gab.com Text Working dogs cooperate among one another by generalised reciprocity JO: Sci Rep http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=28262722 #FOAvip Cooperation by generalised reciprocity implies that individuals apply the decision rule ?help anyone if helped by someone?. This mechanism has been shown to generate evolutionarily stable levels of cooperation, but as yet it is unclear how widely this cooperation mechanism is applied among animals. Dogs (Canis familiaris) are highly social animals with considerable cognitive potential and the ability to differentiate between individual social partners. But although dogs can solve complex problems, they may use simple rules for behavioural decisions. Here we show that dogs trained in an instrumental cooperative task to provide food to a social partner help conspecifics more often after receiving help from a dog before. Remarkably, in so doing they show no distinction between partners that had helped them before and completely unfamiliar conspecifics. Apparently, dogs use the simple decision rule characterizing generalised reciprocity, although they are probably capable of using the more complex decision rule of direct reciprocity: ?help someone who has helped you?. However, generalized reciprocity involves lower information processing costs and is therefore a cheaper cooperation strategy. Our results imply that generalised reciprocity might be applied more commonly than direct reciprocity also in other mutually cooperating animals. Twit Text FOAVip Working dogs cooperate among one another by generalised reciprocity ????Sci Rep http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=28262722 #FOAvip Twit Text # Free Paper on # # # # # LINK http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=28262722 #FOAvip English Wikipedia <ref>{{Cite pmid|28262722}}</ref> Working dogs cooperate among one another by generalised reciprocity #MMPMID28262722 Gfrerer N; Taborsky M Sci Rep 2017[]; 7 (ä): ä PMID28262722show ga Cooperation by generalised reciprocity implies that individuals apply the decision rule ?help anyone if helped by someone?. This mechanism has been shown to generate evolutionarily stable levels of cooperation, but as yet it is unclear how widely this cooperation mechanism is applied among animals. Dogs (Canis familiaris) are highly social animals with considerable cognitive potential and the ability to differentiate between individual social partners. But although dogs can solve complex problems, they may use simple rules for behavioural decisions. Here we show that dogs trained in an instrumental cooperative task to provide food to a social partner help conspecifics more often after receiving help from a dog before. Remarkably, in so doing they show no distinction between partners that had helped them before and completely unfamiliar conspecifics. Apparently, dogs use the simple decision rule characterizing generalised reciprocity, although they are probably capable of using the more complex decision rule of direct reciprocity: ?help someone who has helped you?. However, generalized reciprocity involves lower information processing costs and is therefore a cheaper cooperation strategy. Our results imply that generalised reciprocity might be applied more commonly than direct reciprocity also in other mutually cooperating animals. äWorking dogs cooperate among one another by generalised reciprocity (epmc).pdf DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing