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10.1186/s12943-017-0623-x http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.1186/s12943-017-0623-x C5331650!5331650!28245869     free     free     free Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 231.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 231.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 231.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 231.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 231.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 231.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 265.2 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534       Mol+Cancer 2017 ; 16 (ä): ä Nephropedia Template TP {{tp|p=28245869|t=2017. Regulation of stem-like cancer cells by glutamine through ?-catenin pathway mediated by redox signaling |pdf=|usr=}}{{28245869}} gab.com Text Regulation of stem-like cancer cells by glutamine through -catenin pathway mediated by redox signaling JO: Mol Cancer http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=28245869 #FOAvip Background: Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are thought to play an important role in tumor recurrence and drug resistance, and present a major challenge in cancer therapy. The tumor microenvironment such as growth factors, nutrients and oxygen affect CSC generation and proliferation by providing the necessary energy sources and growth signals. The side population (SP) analysis has been used to detect the stem-like cancer cell populations based on their high expression of ABCG2 that exports Hoechst-33342 and certain cytotoxic drugs from the cells. The purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of a main nutrient molecule, glutamine, on SP cells and the possible underlying mechanism(s). Methods: Biochemical assays and flow cytometric analysis were used to evaluate the effect of glutamine on stem-like side population cells in vitro. Molecular analyses including RNAi interfering, qRT-PCR, and immunoblotting were employed to investigate the molecular signaling in response to glutamine deprivation and its influence on tumor formation capacity in vivo. Results: We show that glutamine supports the maintenance of the stem cell phenotype by promoting glutathione synthesis and thus maintaining redox balance for SP cells. A deprivation of glutamine in the culture medium significantly reduced the proportion of SP cells. L-asparaginase, an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of asparagine and glutamine to aspartic acid and glutamate, respectively, mimics the effect of glutamine withdrawal and also diminished the proportion of SP cells. Mechanistically, glutamine deprivation increases intracellular ROS levels, leading to down-regulation of the ?-catenin pathway. Conclusion: Glutamine plays a significant role in maintaining the stemness of cancer cells by a redox-mediated mechanism mediated by ?-catenin. Inhibition of glutamine metabolism or deprivation of glutamine by L-asparaginase may be a new strategy to eliminate CSCs and overcome drug resistance. Electronic supplementary material: The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12943-017-0623-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. Twit Text FOAVip Regulation of stem-like cancer cells by glutamine through -catenin pathway mediated by redox signaling ????Mol Cancer http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=28245869 #FOAvip Twit Text # Free Paper on # # # # # LINK http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=28245869 #FOAvip English Wikipedia <ref>{{Cite pmid|28245869}}</ref> Regulation of stem-like cancer cells by glutamine through ?-catenin pathway mediated by redox signaling #MMPMID28245869 Liao J; Liu PP; Hou G; Shao J; Yang J; Liu K; Lu W; Wen S; Hu Y; Huang P Mol Cancer 2017[]; 16 (ä): ä PMID28245869show ga Background: Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are thought to play an important role in tumor recurrence and drug resistance, and present a major challenge in cancer therapy. The tumor microenvironment such as growth factors, nutrients and oxygen affect CSC generation and proliferation by providing the necessary energy sources and growth signals. The side population (SP) analysis has been used to detect the stem-like cancer cell populations based on their high expression of ABCG2 that exports Hoechst-33342 and certain cytotoxic drugs from the cells. The purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of a main nutrient molecule, glutamine, on SP cells and the possible underlying mechanism(s). Methods: Biochemical assays and flow cytometric analysis were used to evaluate the effect of glutamine on stem-like side population cells in vitro. Molecular analyses including RNAi interfering, qRT-PCR, and immunoblotting were employed to investigate the molecular signaling in response to glutamine deprivation and its influence on tumor formation capacity in vivo. Results: We show that glutamine supports the maintenance of the stem cell phenotype by promoting glutathione synthesis and thus maintaining redox balance for SP cells. A deprivation of glutamine in the culture medium significantly reduced the proportion of SP cells. L-asparaginase, an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of asparagine and glutamine to aspartic acid and glutamate, respectively, mimics the effect of glutamine withdrawal and also diminished the proportion of SP cells. Mechanistically, glutamine deprivation increases intracellular ROS levels, leading to down-regulation of the ?-catenin pathway. Conclusion: Glutamine plays a significant role in maintaining the stemness of cancer cells by a redox-mediated mechanism mediated by ?-catenin. Inhibition of glutamine metabolism or deprivation of glutamine by L-asparaginase may be a new strategy to eliminate CSCs and overcome drug resistance. Electronic supplementary material: The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12943-017-0623-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. äRegulation of stem-like cancer cells by glutamine through ?-catenin pa(epmc).pdf DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing