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2017 ; 127
(3
): 1099-1114
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GATA4-dependent organ-specific endothelial differentiation controls liver
development and embryonic hematopoiesis
#MMPMID28218627
Géraud C
; Koch PS
; Zierow J
; Klapproth K
; Busch K
; Olsavszky V
; Leibing T
; Demory A
; Ulbrich F
; Diett M
; Singh S
; Sticht C
; Breitkopf-Heinlein K
; Richter K
; Karppinen SM
; Pihlajaniemi T
; Arnold B
; Rodewald HR
; Augustin HG
; Schledzewski K
; Goerdt S
J Clin Invest
2017[Mar]; 127
(3
): 1099-1114
PMID28218627
show ga
Microvascular endothelial cells (ECs) are increasingly recognized as
organ-specific gatekeepers of their microenvironment. Microvascular ECs instruct
neighboring cells in their organ-specific vascular niches through angiocrine
factors, which include secreted growth factors (angiokines), extracellular matrix
molecules, and transmembrane proteins. However, the molecular regulators that
drive organ-specific microvascular transcriptional programs and thereby regulate
angiodiversity are largely elusive. In contrast to other ECs, which form a
continuous cell layer, liver sinusoidal ECs (LSECs) constitute discontinuous,
permeable microvessels. Here, we have shown that the transcription factor GATA4
controls murine LSEC specification and function. LSEC-restricted deletion of
Gata4 caused transformation of discontinuous liver sinusoids into continuous
capillaries. Capillarization was characterized by ectopic basement membrane
deposition, formation of a continuous EC layer, and increased expression of
VE-cadherin. Correspondingly, ectopic expression of GATA4 in cultured continuous
ECs mediated the downregulation of continuous EC-associated transcripts and
upregulation of LSEC-associated genes. The switch from discontinuous LSECs to
continuous ECs during embryogenesis caused liver hypoplasia, fibrosis, and
impaired colonization by hematopoietic progenitor cells, resulting in anemia and
embryonic lethality. Thus, GATA4 acts as master regulator of hepatic
microvascular specification and acquisition of organ-specific vascular
competence, which are indispensable for liver development. The data also
establish an essential role of the hepatic microvasculature in embryonic
hematopoiesis.