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2015 ; 1
(ä): 15
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Post-cold war United Nations peacekeeping operations: a review of the case for a
hybrid level 2+ medical treatment facility
#MMPMID28265430
Johnson RJ 3rd
Disaster Mil Med
2015[]; 1
(ä): 15
PMID28265430
show ga
Post-Cold War, UN peacekeeping operations (UN PKOs) have become larger, more
mobile, multi-faceted and conducted over vast areas of remote, rugged, and harsh
geography. They have been increasingly involved in dangerous areas with
ill-defined boundaries, simmering internecine armed conflict, and disregard on
the part of some local parties for peacekeepers' security and role. Yet
progressively there have been expectations of financial restraint and austerity.
Additionally, UN PKOs have become more "robust," that is, engaged in preemptive,
assertive operations. A statistically positive and significant relationship
exists between missions' size, complexity, remoteness, and aggressive tenor and a
higher probability of trauma or death, especially as a result of hostile actions
or disease. Therefore, in the interest of "force protection" and optimizing
operations, a key component of UN PKOs is health care and medical treatment. The
expectation is that UN PKO medical support must conform to the general intent and
structure of current UN PKOs to become more streamlined, portable, mobile,
compartmentalized, and specialized, but also more varied and complex to address
the medical aspects of these missions cost-efficiently. This article contends
that establishing a hybrid level 2-a level 2 with level 3 modules and components
(i.e., level 2+)-is a viable course of action when considering trends in the
medical aspects of Post-Cold War UN PKOs. A level 2 medical treatment facility
has the potential to provide needed forward mobile medical treatment, especially
trauma care, for extended, complex, large-scale, and comprehensive UN PKOs. This
is particularly the case for missions that include humanitarian outreach,
preventive medicine, and psychiatry. The level 2 treatment facility is flexible
enough to expand into a hybrid level 2+ with augmentation of modules based on
changes in mission requirements and variation in medical aspects.